05 July 2025
(Current Affairs Notes - Prelims)

Aluminium & Copper Vision Documents

• Recently, the central government unveiled aluminium and copper vision documents at the International Conference on Sustainable and Responsible Mining in Hyderabad.

• The documents anticipate and outline multi-fold increase in demand and production of aluminium and copper by 2047.

• Copper

  • • In India, Rajasthan (52%) has the largest reserve followed by Madhya Pradesh and Jharkhand.

    • Globally, Chile has the largest reserve (19%) followed by Peru and Australia (10%).

• Aluminium

  • • In India, Odisha (41%) has the largest reserve of bauxite followed by Chhattisgarh and Andhra Pradesh. Bauxite is the ore from which aluminium is extracted.

    • Globally, Guinea has the largest reserves of bauxite while China is the largest producer of aluminium.

• Copper and aluminium are vital for India’s energy transition and infrastructure growth among others.

Special Intensive Revision (SIR)

• It is related to revision and updation of electoral rolls which comprises the list of citizens who are eligible to vote in election.

• The objective of SIR is to ensure the integrity of the Electoral Roll (ER) for the conduct of free & fair elections.

• Election Commission of India (ECI) to begin Special Intensive Revision (SIR) of Electoral Rolls in Bihar.

• ECI has taken this decision in accordance with its power under Section 21 of the Representation of the People Act, 1950.

Variable Rate Reverse Repo (VRRR)

• A method used by the RBI to absorb excess money from banks for a short period.

• The term variable rate means the interest rate is not fixed and is decided by the market.

• In the Reverse Repo Rate the rate is fixed by RBI.

• Recently, RBI removed more than 1 lakh crore rupees from the banking system through the VRRR.

UMEED Portal

• By the Ministry of Minority Affairs.

• To serve as a centralized digital platform for Waqf properties.

RECLAIM Framework

• A community engagement and development framework for mine closure and repurposing.

• Developed by Coal Controller Organisation under the Ministry of Coal in partnership with the Heartfulness Institute.

• It will serve as a structured guide for inclusive community engagement and development throughout the mine closure and post-closure phases.

Sevilla Commitment

• Adopted at the 4th International Conference on Financing for Development (FFD4) which was held at Sevilla (Spain) in July 2025.

• The commitment sets out a new global roadmap to raise the trillions of dollars needed each year to achieve sustainable development.

• The agreement highlights the need for new tools to ease debt pressures on vulnerable countries, including debt-swap schemes.

• It also aims to make the global financial system more inclusive and accountable, with improved coordination and broader participation.

• The FFD4 builds on the foundations laid by the Monterrey Consensus (2002), Doha Declaration (2008), and Addis Ababa Action Agenda (2015).

• Held under the aegis of United Nations, the Conference brought together over 15,000 participants, including nearly 50 Heads of State and Government.

Equine Disease

• A wide range of illnesses that can affect horses. The causes could be due to a variety of infectious agents, such as virus, bacteria as well as non-infectious factors like allergies, toxins, and genetics.

• Recently, India established 1st internationally recognised Equine Disease – Free Compartment at Meerut, Uttar Pradesh. It has been recognised by World Organisation for Animal Health.

Trinidad and Tobago

• The Prime Minister of India recently visited Trinidad and Tobago.

• It is a dual-island Caribbean country near Venezuela.

• Port of Spain is the capital of Trinidad and Tobago.

• Indian-origin people make up more than 40% of the population of Trinidad and Tobago.

• The PM announced Overseas Citizen of India (OCI) cards for 6th generation of diaspora in Trinidad & Tobago.