07 July 2025
(Current Affairs Notes - Prelims)

NCLAT

• National Company Law Appellate Tribunal

• Constituted under the Companies Act, 2013.

• Acts as Appellate Tribunal for hearing appeals against the orders passed by

  • • National Company Law Tribunals (NCLT)

    • Insolvency and Bankruptcy Board of India (IBBI)

    • Competition Commission of India (CCI)

    • National Financial Reporting Authority (NFRA)

• Principal bench is at New Delhi with Chennai being the other bench of NCLAT.

• Recently, NCLAT held that Insolvency & Bankruptcy Code (IBC), 2016 cannot override Prevention of Money Laundering Act 2002.

Fugitive Economic Offender (FEO)

• Defined under the Fugitive Economic Offenders Act, 2018

• FEO is an individual who has left India to avoid prosecution or refuses to return from abroad.

• The offence should be of total value of Rs. 100 crore or more.

• Recently, a Delhi court declared an U.K.-based arms consultant, a fugitive economic offender.

National Biobank

• It was inaugurated at the CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology (IGIB).

• It will enhance India’s capabilities in precision medicine and biomedical research.

• It was launched under Phenome India Project.

• Phenome India Project

  • • Officially called as Phenome India-CSIR Health Cohort Knowledgebase (PI-CheCK).

    • Launched by Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR) in 2023.

    • Designed to track the health trajectories of individuals over several years.

• Phenome is the entire set of phenotypes in a cell, tissue, organ, organism or species.

• Phenotype refers to the observable physical characteristics of an organism.

Poverty and Equity Brief 2025

• By World Bank

• Key highlights

  • • India is the fourth most equal country in the world on the basis of Gini Index score.

    • India chieved greater income equality with Gini score of 25.5 (2022-23) from 28.8 (2011-12).

    • India falls into the ‘moderately low’ inequality category (Gini scores between 25 and 30).

    • Extreme poverty (living on less than $2.15 per day) fell from 16.2% in 2011-12 to 2.3% in 2022-23.

    • Under WB’s revised extreme poverty threshold of $3.00 per day, the 2022-23 poverty rate would be adjusted to 5.3%.

• Gini Index

  • • It measures the extent to which the distribution of income or consumption among individuals or households within an economy deviates from a perfectly equal distribution.

    • A Gini index of 0 represents perfect equality, while an index of 100 implies perfect inequality.

Dr. Syama Prasad Mookerjee (1901 - 1953)

• The youngest Vice-Chancellor of the University of Calcutta.

• In 1940, he became the acting President of the All-India Hindu Mahasabha.

• Joined the interim government under Jawaharlal Nehru as Minister for Industry and Supply.

• He laid the foundation for India's industrial growth by establishing institutions like the Chittaranjan Locomotive Factory, etc.

• He was given the title ‘The lion of Parliament’.

• Recently, Prime Minister paid tributes on his 125th birth anniversary.

Tokara Island

• It is an archipelago in Japan, south of Kyushu and north of Amami Islands.

• Toshima (Japan’s longest village) is located here.

• Recently, more than 1,000 earthquakes have rattled the Tokara Islands.